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Email as court evidence

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  • Email as court evidence

    Email content is treated in the same way as verbal and written expressions and statements and is admissible in a court of law. It is a common misconception that email messages carry less weight than letters on headed notepaper.

    The problems are only likely to arise if your opponent disputes the authenticity of what you produce. The same applies to traditional letters – i.e. it is only when their authenticity is questioned that proof becomes a problem.
    If the authenticity of an email produced in court is questioned, be prepared to provide evidence of the audit trail showing where the email originated and the route by which it was sent to your computer (see below for example of a mail header). The audit trail would show if there had been any opportunity for someone to interfere with the email as they are usually sent between several servers before they reach their destination.

    Email have raised problems for the courts. In the past, evidence would invariably take the form of an original signed document and if that was not available then a copy of that signed document could be substituted. The signature would be the key to proving the authenticity of the document (of course, the argument can still be made that the signature is a fake). The difference with email is that there is no such thing as an 'original' since the print-out is the end result of a technological process. It is the audit trail showing that process which can be used to persuade the court of the print-out's authenticity if this is challenged by your opponent.

    Forensic computing services can help if it becomes necessary to prove that a hard copy of an email produced in court is genuine.


    Microsoft Mail Internet Headers Version 2.0
    Received: from msg-36.apscontrol.com ([195.182.xxx.xx]) by server.domain.local with Microsoft SMTPSVC(5.0.xxxx.6713);
    Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:14:11 +0100
    Received: from msg-84.apscontrol.com ([195.182.xxx.xx])
    by msg-36.apscontrol.com (APS Control V4-36) with ESMTP id CRA73961
    for <paulxxxxxx@xxxxx.co.uk>; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:18:59 +0100
    Received: from u2.zonefilter.com (unverified [195.182.xxx.xx])
    by msg-84.apscontrol.com (Zonefilter-v6) with ESMTP id xxx06250-1891991
    for <paulxxxxx@xxxx.co.uk>; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:19:01 +0100
    Return-Path: <xxxx@xxxx.co.uk>
    Received: from u2.zonefilter.com (localhost [127.0.0.1])
    by u2.zonefilter.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id DA29xx440D9
    for <xxxxxx@xxxxs.co.uk>; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:19:57 +0100 (BST)
    Received: from u16.zonefilter.com (u16.zonefilter.com [195.182.xxx.xx])
    by u2.zonefilter.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id AC46xx440DB
    for <paulxxxxxx@xxxxxxx.co.uk>; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:19:56 +0100 (BST)
    X-Rcpt-Trace: paulxxxn at xxxxx.co.uk
    Received-SPF: none (No spf1 record for (xxxx.co.uk) ) client-ip=208.78.xx.xxx; envelope-from=<xxxx@xxxx.co.uk>; x-ip-name=server7.xxxxxxsuk.com;
    Received: from server7.xxxxxxxnsuk.com (unverified [208.78.xx.xxx])
    by u16.zonefilter.com (Zonefilter-mx) with ESMTP id 16xx6721-1891991
    for <paulxxxxx@xxxxxx.co.uk>; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 14:20:24 +0100
    Received: from host212-xxx-132-xx.uk.access.vodafone.net ([212.183.xxx.xx]:33933 helo=[10.49.xx.xx])
    by server7.xxxxxxxxxmainsuk.com with esmtpa (Exim 4.69)
    (envelope-from <xxxx@xxxxxx.co.uk>)
    id 1KWA3t-00007S-LP
    for paulxxxxx@xxxx.co.uk ; Thu, 21 Aug 2008 13:18:49 +0000
    Message-ID: <5CDAAD242A5E4686A1FFB4F9F924D47C@vxxxxf7d4163>
    From: "Vince @ xxxxxx" <xxxx@xxxxx.co.uk>
    To: "Paul xxxx" <paulxxxxx@xxxxx.co.uk>

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